The largest prison in the world: landmines, walls, UXOs and the UN’s role in the Western Sahara

The largest prison in the world: landmines, walls, UXOs and the UN’s role in the Western Sahara

The article explores the devastating impact of landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXOs) in Western Sahara, where millions of mines have made the territory one of the most dangerous in the world. Following Morocco’s occupation after Spain’s withdrawal in 1975, a massive wall fortified with landmines was built, dividing the territory and severely restricting Saharawi movement. The article highlights the suffering of civilians, particularly refugees and landmine victims, and criticizes the United Nations (specifically MINURSO) for its passive role in addressing these dangers and in pushing for a meaningful political resolution. It praises the proactive demining efforts by the POLISARIO, in contrast with Morocco’s intransigence and refusal to sign the Ottawa Treaty banning landmines. Ultimately, the authors argue that the international community must support decolonization and organize a long-promised self-determination referendum for the Saharawi people.

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